The American Dream - 742 Words

Sean Bowman Professor Petrey English 101 30 May 2017 The American Dream: The American Dream is interpreted differently amongst Americans. Some people have the dream of owning a million dollar home or car and others have dreams of becoming famous. Although there is no definite definition of what the American Dream is, the concept of it has always been the same. That concept is that anything can be achievable for anyone, as long as they put their effort into it. The Declaration of Independence states that every American possesses the equal and natural rights that are given to them from birth, and that these rights ensure that they have â€Å"Liberty, Life, and the Pursuit of Happiness†, having these three rights are important to me and any†¦show more content†¦For example, at my school I was offered to participate in a First Step program to enroll in CAC while still being in high school. I enrolled in this program to be a step ahead in the future. Others and I had the freedom of choice to accept or decline the offer and I accepted it. Having the freedom of choice, speech, and thought has allowed me the luxury to receive these kinds of opportunities and do as I wish with them. The pursuit of happiness is the idea of living life to reach the goal of being happy, whether it is buying a car or owning a large home. â€Å"Important person†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ My pursuit of happiness is to have my independence. I am a self-centered person and I like being on my own. I do not let people tell me what my life and liberty should be. Instead, I follow my own morals and my own code. For example, when I need help solving a problem or completing schoolwork, I rely on my own intellect and resources to find my answer, I do not look for answers from other people unless I believe it is imperative. Everyone’s American Dream is different; there is no right or wrong in giving the definition of what the American Dream is. The American Dream is about having the belief that the effort that is put on is how much it will pay off. That’s the unique thing about America, the fact that someone can go and do whatever they like and pick what career they want to doShow MoreRelatedImmigrants And The American Dream1362 Words   |  6 PagesImmigrants and the American Dream In the article â€Å"The American Dream†, by James Truslow Adams in The Sundance Reader book, he stated that the American dream is that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. It is a difficult dream for the European upper classes to interpret adequately, and too many of us ourselves have grown weary and mistrustful of it. It is not a dream of motor cars and highRead MoreThe American Dream By Kimberly Amadeo1637 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, a large number of people migrate to the United States to work and achieve the American Dream. According to the Article â€Å"What is the American Dream?† by Kimberly Amadeo, â€Å"The American Dream was first publicly defined in 1931 by James Truslow Adams in Epic of America. Adam’s often-repeated quote is, ‘The American Dream is that dream of land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyon e, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.’† There are many peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The American Dream 754 Words   |  4 Pages Nyreel Powell Ms. Jones American Literature 1 June 2015 The American dream in A Raisin in the Sun Have you ever had a dream and it didn’t come how you wanted it to be? Have you ever had accomplishments that you wanted to achieve but people were getting in the way of them? The four main characters in this book all have good dreams but there are people in the way of getting to those dreams or their dream is too high to accomplish. A Raisin in the Sun a play written by Lorraine Hansberry, andRead MoreSister Carrie and the American Dream1618 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Dream is surely based on the concept of â€Å"Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness† but it is above all, a matter of ambition. James Truslow Adams, an American writer and historian, in 1931 states: life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement†, which not only points towards a better standard of living for Americans but also denounces a degree of greed in the US society. Ambition not only â€Å"killed the catâ₠¬  butRead MoreGrapes Of Wrath And The American Dream1644 Words   |  7 PagesThe idea of the American Dream is ever changing depending on the person and the time of life that person is in. Although the main ideas of the American Dream remain the same to be educated, economically sound, healthy, to have a family, and equal rights. Many great films and works of literature were created to show case all the different ideas people have for their American Dream. The film â€Å"Grapes of Wrath† directed by John Ford and the poem â€Å"I Will Fight No More Forever† by Chief Joseph, both depictRead More Destruction of the American Dream Essay2145 Words   |  9 PagesDestruction of the American Dream I’ve talked about it in the past, the destruction of the American Dream. Always, there have been papers, writings, and thoughts that quantify a particular section of its ultimate demise, be it due to money, education, or sexuality. Maybe the destruction cannot be viewed as a singular event or cause. Perhaps instead it must be examined as a whole process, the decay and ultimate elimination of a dream. Self destruction, if you will†¦ Mr. Self Destruct Read MoreSuccess As One Of The American Dream1137 Words   |  5 PagesApril 2015 Success as One of The American Dream When we hear the word â€Å"success†, we often think of wealth and money. To some people, the embodiment of being success is earning a lot of money. In fact, the concept of success is primarily based on how much money a person earns. However, each person views the definition of success differently. One way to define success is something that has more to do with flash than it does with substance. John Wooden, an American basketball player and coach viewRead MoreJim Cullen And The American Dream2081 Words   |  9 Pages The American Dream, as defined by Cullen, is starting your goal off with a little and ending with more; it s like a business, you invest in it in order to gain more money. Usually, people will define the American Dream as being able to achieve your goal because everyone is offered opportunities. Cullen does acknowledge that people are born with different opportunities, so he talks about the good life. The good life describes different factors that determine your opportunities. Throughout the otherRead MoreFactors Influencing The American Dream1834 Words   |  8 Pagesindividual to succumb or to not succumb to the seductions of crime. These three factors are brilliantly portrayed in the television show, Breaking Bad and the novel, The Stick Up Kids. The American Dream is what many American citizens strive for. However, not all of those citizens are able to achieve the American Dream through a legal pathway. The reason an indivudal may not being able to do so is because of his or her background factors. It is important to note that background factors are a fractionRead MoreShark Tank And The American Dream1755 Words   |  8 PagesShark Tank and The American Dream The TV show Shark tank embodies everything the American dream represents. The show obtains successful Entrepreneurs ready to invest their own money into other Americans wanting to be just like them, reaching the American dream and become a successful entrepreneur. The show presents entrepreneurs working towards the goal of creating a business to not only gain wealth but also change the way we live today. The show is to keep the American dream alive and well while

American-Cuban Relations A critical analysis Free Essays

string(132) " Different personnel have various delegated responsibilities, which help the smooth process of activities during the boarding time\." The American Cruise Line is a United States small ship company. Its operations are around Eastern Seaboard in the US. Its operations commencement is dated back in early 1970’s. We will write a custom essay sample on American-Cuban Relations: A critical analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the business stopped sometimes in 1980s due to a decreasing level of customers. Its operations either went in business again in 2000, by launching some three ship fleet with the American Eagle (49 – passenger capacity) being the first ship. Others launched in 2002 and 2005 where the American Glory (49 – passengers) and the American Sprit (98 – passengers) respectively. In 2007, the company is to launch the American Star. The owner had sold the company in late 1980’s before it went under due to operational inefficiencies. Since it’s rebirth in 2002, the company continues to embrace a big growth, with its operation expanding highly. The same rebirth followed an acquisition by the owner of the then former company which was operational in 1980’s. The company is a US based small ship company registered in Maine. Its operations are along the US coastal line form the Maine to Florida. Operational profile. The company owns a much larger fleet with a capacity of 220 square fleets. Its cabins are of a larger size than any other small ship company. In its fleet Profile, its currently operates with three cruise ships such as the American Eagle, American Glory and the American Spirit. Its current decision to launch the fourth ship (America Star) within the year is perhaps its greatest achievement. Its ships are profound in three characteristics which make it to adequately compete with its competitors at the market place. They are highly roomy, and of the most modern nature. (http://www. cruisecritic. com/reviews/cruiseline. cfm? CruiseLineID=57) Their ships have adequate privacy due to the large capacity, intimate relations for their relatively small size as well as allowing its passengers to be able to frequently meet within a week. Their dining room are located at the deck which primarily lowest at the stem point, where it has some windows on its three sides it has other two cabin sized lounges, with the tip deck making open cut facility for the remaining part of the ship. The four decks will then be linked together by an elevator. Many of the cabins have balconies which provide an attractive environment for the passengers on the coastal scenery while traveling. Those without balconies will have their windows painted large pictures which are then opened for free circulation of air and also the different sounds emanating form the sea. They also offer cabin facilities for persons who are single or disabled. Generally, the vessels will have identical features in regard to the facilities, decor and also layout. The passengers are free in their choice of cruise in terms of date or even itinerary without been forced to use a cruise without their choice. (Morgan, 2004) The decors are attractive and exciting, with both muted and a range of simple colors. Their close array is like that of a hotels generic lobby. Its main lounge has a specific location. This is underneath their bridges at a directly forward position. It has a set of tail windows in one of the three sides which are used for providing a way of viewing the attractive scenery while passing. However, the stringent maritime laws have worked to lower the company’s activities. These laws prescribe an attractive package in the certain conditions relating to capacity, modern, operating diameters, and other legal conditions on the cruise business. At one point, we can talk of the advantage into the nature of the business customers. However, the same laws may be argued as stumbling blocks into the cruise business where stringent legacies ought to be followed. Consequently, cruise businesses are required to have a layout of specific modalities in the operational system and the physical nature of their ships. Such conditions have been voted as been highly expensive leading to conditions of high operating costs. The company has the launch of the American Star in progress which is to be later in this year. Either, its development of Pearl Seas Cruises within the course of 2008, will find the company at the most competitive edge in the international waters. This would have the same similarities to the other ship models, though it’s highly sophisticated. With a regard to the environmental laws about water pollution, the company has been in the fore front to ensure Low rates of environmental pollution. The construction system of its ships follows a highly conventional manner in which high standards ships manufactured with lower cases of oil spill-over in the water. Either, it has various facilities for ensuring safe custodies for any emergency cases and accidents that would lead to oil spillages in the water. Above these parameters, its high advocacy to the travelers of frontiers that provides conditions for lower environmental pollution has been ensured by the management. The company has continued to recognize and put in place various campaigns on environmental conservations, and reduction in water pollution. Through such a campaign, it has ensured high operational statuses which provide a hallmark in the conservation of the water environment through reduced pollution. (Sagers, 2006) Organizational structure and current operating environment. The company has provided a layout in terms of its organizations structure. A compliment of various stakeholders to be same structure is therefore available. It has the CEO as the highest rank in the structure. A panel of board of directors also accompanies the same structure. Elsewhere, various managerial staff positions provide management services to the different management offices. The current operating structure may be summarized under the aspect of ship board organizational structure. The shipboard organizational structure is comprised of system of controls into the various activities and operations at the time of boarding a ship. Like any other organizational activity, the ship boarding activity is comprised of various activities that help an adequate environment for the operations. Different personnel have various delegated responsibilities, which help the smooth process of activities during the boarding time. You read "American-Cuban Relations: A critical analysis" in category "Papers" (Hazell, Fitzpatrick, 2006) Various control persons are therefore delegated with various duties. These include; operations control who is capable of the communication process within the shipping process. The engineering control, who provide various engineering services for the shipboard process incase of mechanical breakdowns; the damage controller, who provide repairs and maintenance to any materials breakdown in the shipping process. The shipboard directors(s), who provides a package of directorship in the control layout systems of the ship board process. Above these profiles, the shipboard organizational structure is compounded by other systems of control / control officials. These are medical controls, finance officials, supervisors, safety officers, security control and quality assurance controls. All the controls play their relevant authorities and displiness in correspondence to the requirements of the shipboard process. Summarily therefore, shipboard organizational structure is comprised of a system of control that ensure adequacy in the company’s organization at the shipboard process. The shipboard operating structure is comprised of a system of control available at the process of its operations. While the ship is on its traveling process, there are various operating controls and processes that accompany it for adequate and safe traveling and services. At one level, the demographic population of the company can be echoed in a close perspective between the ships and the passenger volume they operate in. The demographic structure of the company depicts diversity in its clients in terms of geographical parameters. Clients are from the whole region. Generally, the number of children clients has been voted to be low. However, a higher volume of children is available during the summer within the Maine and the New England. Currently the company has its three ships with the American Star at the verge of been launched within this year. (Talley, 2000) The major nationalities working in the onboard process are Americans. The company has had dominance in the employment of Americans for its onboard activities. This is in attribute and understanding that fellow Americans can provide good customers relation in the onboard process during the ship traveling. However, the onboard process is accompanied by a number of activities on process where different personnel perform different roles. Firstly, the role and position of show excursions controller should not be overlooked. This is the controller person in charge of excursions in every port in which passengers are taken through to know the different environments they are driving in. This is taken as a refresher course to the passengers in the long journey processes. Food and drinking personals (waiter) who are allied to the different schedules of the passenger feeding. With the long journey process, passengers are ideally provided with food, this is taken care of by the food controller. Like the shipboard organization structure, the on process is also accompanied by a system of control which includes quality assurance, finance, medical, security, administration, above others. At the onboard process, the persons are responsible for these controls. At the shore side either, a comprehensive, package of management structure, controls and human resources issues is highly pronounced to provide a higher and better environment of the shipping process. Majority of the characteristics of activities found at the shore side is a combination those at the shipboard organizational and operating structures above those of the onboard structure. A combination of the relevant system of control relating to the various systems of control is therefore attributable to the shore side organizational structure. Marketing positioning The small ship industry in America is highly competitive. The company continue to get a high and stiff competition form its competitors around the world. The success to the company has however been through a package of providing relatively high quality products and services above other strategies which helps it to even pursue well in such a competitive market. It has however a highly developed and established system of itineraries which are found placed in the whole Eastern Seaboard covering the Penobscot Bay at the Maine up to the Florida. (Haigh, Nomikos, Bessler, 2004) The traveling system changes considerably during the various seasons of the year. The cruises allied to England Island have the Block Island as their stopping areas at the summer periods. They can also stop at Nantucket or Martha’s Vineyard. Trips also change in the course of the year depending on the environmental conditions allied to the navigation process. There is the June offer of itineraries from the Chesapeake Bay which are allied to the Baltimore case. However, these are all short trip cases. The great passageway which is form the Baltimore to the peak of Florida is among its long paths. Elsewhere, the ships will sail via the Antebellum Itineraries, which is form the Jacksonville and the Charleston. This occurs at the periods form November throughout April. The Okeechobee trip is offered as an occasional trip. As the 2008 approaches, other cruises will be introduced by the Pearl Seas Cruises. There destinations are proposed to been Canadian Marmites, St. Lawrence Seaway Caribbean American itineraries and also the Central American itineraries. This 2008 activity plan is a clear indication of the high level of expansion by the company in their itineraries. (Still, 2001) The target market of the company is to include the whole of the US costal line. However, this is only its immediate (short run goals) with the intensity into its expanding phenomena, the company is perhaps to embrace its final attribute of expanding to reach the various water ways and ports in the US coastal strip. Elsewhere, its greatest achievement would be expanding to the broad foreign market. Foreign market is seen as an attribute in which the company will develop in capacity to even reach the global market, through mergers, acquisitions, starting or even through Franchises. Miscellaneous details The American Cruise company has continued to embrace the sovereignty as one the largest small ship company in US. Over the last three years, it has had an average of reported profit amounting to $ 694 per annum. The price of it share in the American stock market has considerable been improving. Since is rebirth in 2002, it has continued to show an increasing level of profit. . References Cruise Review and News (2007) American Cruise Lines. Retrieved on 7th Nov. 2007 from http://www. cruisecritic. com/reviews/cruiseline. cfm? CruiseLineID=57 Haigh, M. S. , Nomikos, N. K. , Bessler, D. A. (2004). Integration and Causality in International Freight Markets: Modeling with Error Correction and Directed Acyclic Graphs. Southern Economic Journal, 71(1), 145+. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=5006987575 Hazell, L. C. , Fitzpatrick, S. M. (2006). The Maritime Transport of Prehistoric Megaliths in Micronesia. Archaeology in Oceania, 41(1), 12+. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=5015172724 Morgan, C. (2004). The Public Nature of Private Industry in Confederate Georgia. Civil War History, 50(1), 27+. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=5006500885 Sagers, C. (2006). The Demise of Regulation in Ocean Shipping: A Study in the Evolution of Competition Policy and the Predictive Power of Microeconomics. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, 39(3), 779+. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=5019554251 Still, C. (2001). Thinking outside the Box: The Application of COGSA’s $500 Per-Package Limitation to Shipping Containers. Houston Journal of International Law, 24(1), 81+. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=5000945085 Talley, W. K. (2000). Ocean Container Shipping: Impacts of a Technological Improvement. Journal of Economic Issues, 34(4), 933. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from Questia database: http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=5001180959 The state of conflict that has come to define the relationship between the United Sates of America and the tiny island nation of Cuba is, unknown to many, as old as the history of Cuba as a nation state. The first signals of conflict came early in the life of Cuba as a Spanish colony when in 1795 Negro slaves and whites came together to revolt against the Spanish overlords. That momentous occasion caused a great disquiet amongst slave owners in the American south, and thus attracted the keen attention of the American establishment, who did not desire such an example to be set too close to home. The first overt reaction of the American rulers at that time was to make overtures to Spain for the purchase of Cuba. In this respect, Thomas Jefferson, the American President, was reported to have said in 1809 that, â€Å"I candidly confess that I have ever looked upon Cuba as the most interesting addition that can be made to our system of States. † Though Spain persistently rejected the American request, the Americans never dropped their desire to annex Cuba by any possible means. This ardent American desire and policy on Cuba was summed up by the then American Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams, â€Å"These islands (Cuba and Puerto Rico) are natural appendages of the North American continent, and one of them (Cuba) almost within sight of our shores, from a multitude of considerations has become an object of transcendent importance to the commercial and political interests of our Union†¦ These are laws of political as well as physical gravitation. † It was therefore only a matter of time before the first real conflict over Cuba erupted. When it did, it did so in two fronts, one involved America and Spain while the other involved Cubans themselves, who desired independence from Spain. In 1823, US President Moore declared the Western Hemisphere, including Cuba, as an exclusive sphere of influence of the United States, warning European powers to take heed and steer clear of any interference in the affairs of any nations within the so declared ‘sphere of influence’. Subsequently, in 1898, Cuba became a theatre of war between the Americans and Spain, the Spanish American War. This was coincidentally at a period Cuban revolutionaries claimed they were on the threshold of liberating Cuba from Spanish rule. The Americans won in the ensuing war and subsequently took control of the governance of Cuba as protectorate. What was to follow was a despoliation of the Cuban state by successive American appointed administrators, land speculators, profiteers, the Mafia and their local Cuban collaborators. Attendant to these was the economic emasculation of the Cuban nation as American colonists swooped on the island and acquired large swats of fertile farm land, marginalizing the local people, and in so doing sowed the seeds of the many conflicts that were later to help shape American-Cuban relations for almost the past half century. 2. 7. 1. The Actors General Fulgencio Batista Formerly a Sergeant in the Cuban Army, Batista came into limelight when he led a group of sergeants, ‘The Revolt of the Sergeants’ to overthrow a sitting government in 1933. Though he relinquished power shortly afterwards to become the army chief, he made himself the elector of the next president and subsequent five others until 1940 when he contested and won the presidency for himself. Successive American administrations found him a willing ally and were in tacit support of his conducts and rule over Cuba. Under Batista, the Miami mafia mob became the co-rulers of Cuba. Batista was to retire from presidency in 1944 only to make a quick come-back in 1948 when he was elected into the Cuban senate. Later in 1952 he sidestepped the elections and took over power in a coup. With the support of U. S administration of Harry Truman, Batista cancelled the elections all together and became the maximum leader. Fidel Castro was one of the contestants in that botched election. Fidel Alejandro Castro. The son of a wealthy Creole farmer, Castro was educated in Jesuit schools, and finally graduated from the Havana University with a law degree. Disillusioned with the poverty he saw around him and the display of wealth by the American colonists, Fidel joined the political movement with intent to stand for an election into the Cuban congress. When this desire of his was scuttled by the cancellation of the elections and the usurping of power by General Batista in 1952, he took up arms with other rebels, ‘The July 26 Movement’, including his brother Raul to wrest power out of Batista forcefully. Their attempt at rebellion in 1953 ended in disaster and the killing of most of the rebels. Fidel, his brother and a few others were arrested, tried and jailed, but later released. Castro was to strike again, and eventually defeated Batista’s soldiers to take over power in 1959. On assumption of power, Castro took several populist actions, which endeared hum to the down trodden Cuban masses. But his later actions of nationalizing all American run and owned businesses in Cuba, closing down all casinos, whore houses and sending the mafia on the run, as well as his switch to communism earned him powerful enemies in the American establishment. Ever since, American Cuban relations can be effectively summed up in two this short term- mutual hostility. Dwight D. Eisenhower. Two-term president of the U. S, 1953-1961, Eisenhower was in power at the height of the Castro rebellion, which ousted General Batista from power. Eisenhower was the architect of initial American policy response to the Castro challenge. Hostility was the initial and consistent response to the Castro regime. This response was later to be institutionalized, thus setting the mood for subsequent US-Cuban relations. Eisenhower took far-reaching steps to checkmate Castro. Some of these steps were the authorization of the CIA to train Cuban exiles to form a force that could overthrow Castro and install a more acceptable regime in Cuba, cancellation of American orders for Cuban sugar, prohibition of American exports to Cuba, putting pressure on European banks to cancel loans meant for Cuba, blacklisting of naval vessels carrying cargo to or from Cuba, massive propaganda offensive to discredit the Cuban regime, liaisons with and use of mafia links to try to assassinate Castro or destabilize Cuba. J. F. Kennedy. He succeeded Eisenhower as American President, and true to his election campaign pledge to ‘do something about Castro’, Kennedy went a step further by authorizing and sponsoring the failed Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba in 1961 by Cuban dissidents. This was in addition to other US sponsored covert and overt terrorist attacks against Cuban interests and attempts on Castro’s life. Kennedy followed up late with the termination of diplomatic relation with Cuba in 1961. Some other attempts by Kennedy to deal with Castro included: Operation Mongoose, whose aim was to overthrow Castro through acts of terrorism and subversion; The invoking of US military intervention to â€Å"overthrow the Castro regime; Operation Peter Pan, (1960-62) in which the US colluded with the Catholic Church transport 14,048 unaccompanied children between 6 and 18 years old out of Cuba for the US; Institution of a full trade embargo against Cuba; Punishment and denial of US aid for third countries which allowed assistance or commerce with Cuba; Imposition of travel to Cuba on US citizens; Though President Kennedy was assassinated in circumstances which some speculations have linked to the Castro issue, the US policy direction on Cuba did not change, but had rather intensified with successive US regimes. 2. 7. 2. Issues Basically the Issues at stake in American-Cuban relations could be described as both ideological and territorial. The United States on the one hand had a long standing interest to annex or control Cuba and to have the island nation come under its capitalist mode of operation, whereas Cuba had traditionally resisted any such designs by the Americans and had under Fidel Castro towed the communist line of production and ideology. 2. 7. 3. The Underlying factors Many recent commentators on the unending face-off between Cuba and the United States have wondered why the US has found it difficult to accommodate the Cubans and their communist form of government at a time that they have normalized relations with such other communist regimes as China and Vietnam. `It is quite obvious that such commentators have failed to take into account the full weight of the underlying factors that have helped shape and instruct American policy direction on Cuba. Some of these factors can be discussed below: 1. The ideological war: Capitalism vs Communism. It is an established fact that the United States is as rabidly capitalist as the former Soviet Union was Communist. So when Castro concluded his revolution by tilting towards communism he inadvertently touched America at it sorest point. It was a declaration that an enemy was at its back door. Thus Cuban American relations were ab initio anchored on diametrically opposing posts the moment Castro took over power. 2. Proximity. Cuba’s proximity to the US which put it within the so-called American sphere of influence in the Western Hemisphere precluded that the US must, as a matter of national security, have interest in what happens in its back waters. And what the American administrations loathed most was for Cuba to become an example which other Western hemisphere counties could look up to and copy. 3. Interest groups. Most of the American business interests that were nationalized by Castro are today part of the dominant group ruling the United States, and dictating state policy. They have not forgiven Castro and will never forgive him for disrupting their lucrative business operations in Cuba. The same is true of the mafia elements within the Cuban exile groups. 4. Resistance from ordinary Cubans. Having witnessed firsthand what unbridled capitalism and corrupt did to them the first time they came under U. S rule, ordinary Cubans are loathe to again welcome any American hegemony over them. 2. 7. 4. Scope The scope and ramifications of US-Cuban relations crossed national and continental boundaries in the 70’s and 80’s when Cuba embarked on shoring up leftist regimes or groups in South America and Africa. These attempts brought them into direct conflict with the US; with disastrous effects in Nicaragua, Grenada, Angola, Ethiopia and Congo democratic republic. Consequently, local conflicts were internationalized, protracted and resulted in tremendous human tolls. The effect of almost fifty years of American economic embargoes on Cuba has also been horrendous on Cubans. 2. 7. 5. Previous Attempts at Settlements The first known attempt at settling the disputes between the US and Cuba was in 1964 when Cuba offered to desist from exporting revolutionary ideals to South America if the US would halt its hostile actions against Cuba. The US refused, urging Cuba to first stop close relations with the USSR. It was also speculated that Kennedy had intended to engage Castro in negotiations shortly before he was assassinated in 1965. Another secret attempt was made at reconciliation in 1974, but was supposedly cancelled after Cuba got involved in Angola. President Ford at that time linked normalization of relations with Cuba with its voluntary pull out from Angola. It was under Jimmy Carter that the most real attempts at the normalization of relations with Cuba were initiated when he lifted the travel embargo on Cuba. A maritime boundary and fishing accord was signed by both countries during this period, while diplomatic interest sections were opened by both countries in Havana and Washington, respectively. Other bilateral negotiations were started; the American Congress also repealed the provision of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 banning aid to countries permitting their vessels to trade with Cuba. The National Security Council also rescinded the ship blacklist. 2. 7. 6. Phases and Intensity The Kennedy era was perhaps marked zenith of American-Cuban hostility. It was then that the botched Pay of Pigs invasion of Cuba was carried out in 1961, same as the Cuban missile crisis, which involved the installation of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba in 1962. Though the missile crisis was eventually resolved, when the Soviets willingly dismantled the missiles, the crisis almost precipitated a nuclear war between the US and the Kruschev-led Soviet Union. Several U. S instigated attempts were also made during that same era to assassinate Fidel Castro, but the climax was the assassination of President Kennedy himself. The other high intensity points in American-Cuban relations were in the 70’s and 80’s when Cuba actively supported leftist insurrections against American backed dictatorships in Africa and South America. The most notable of these countries where Cuban forces played direct combat role were Angola, Ethiopia, Grenada, El Salvador and Nicaragua. The U. S countered these Cuban moves by pouring in massive support to the opposing groups. However, the relations between the have traditionally been known to experience upward and down swings in response to the parties in power in Washington- much more favorable under the Democrats and less so under the Republicans. 2. 7. 7. Balance of Power In territorial size and resources, Cuba is no match to the United States, but the active support of the Soviet Union at the start of the Castro revolution and until the collapse of the Soviet Union brought a semblance of balance of powers between the two feuding neighbors- U. S and Cuba. However, at the collapse of the Soviet Union, there were expectations that Cuba would falter and collapse, but world public opinion and the support of Canada, the European Union, China and of late Venezuela have helped stabilize Cuba ideologically and materially. 2. 7. 8. Capacity and Resource There is no room for comparison of the resources and capacities of both countries, the U. S is way ahead of Cuba in all respects, but as explained earlier what Cuba has going for it are favorable world opinion and the resilience of its leadership and people. 2. 7. 9. State of the Relationship The support for the continuing US embargo of the island nation have been completely eroded, as many of the nations of Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa have since normalized relations with Cuba. Even fellow North American countries of Canada and Mexico have consistently opposed US embargoes on Cuba, especially as it affected US subsidiary companies within these two nations. Even many Americans have come to question the wisdom of continuing with the hostilities when it is obvious that Cuba, at present, poses no threat to U. S national security. Visits have been made of late by sitting congressmen and other influential Americans in efforts to settle the disputes between the two neighbors that are so close but yet so far apart. Works Consulted Chadwick Ian. History of Cuban American relations. Retrieved March 30, 2007 from http://www. ianchadwick. com/essays/cubahistory. html Siera J. A. Compilations of History of Cuba. Retrieved March 30, 2007 from http://www. historyofcuba. com/history/batista. htm How to cite American-Cuban Relations: A critical analysis, Papers

The Impact of Recruitment

Question: Write an essay onidentifying the impact of recruitment and selection on the employee performance. Answer: The research work is focused on identifying the impact of recruitment and selection on the employee performance. The current part will be able to introduce the research topic with a greater efficiency and purpose. The proper aims, objectives as well as questions will be most helpful for constructing the pathway for the research work. Research Aim: The research work will investigate the factors of the recruitment policy as well as employee performance with the formulation of proper aims and objectives. The research will be focused on finding out the relationship between recruitment policy and employee performance. Research Objectives: The research objectives will be highly effective for constructing the framework which will eventually pave the pathway of the entire research work. The research objectives are mentioned below: To investigate the factors of recruitment and selection To identify the aspects of employee performance To find out the relationship between selection process and employee performance To suggest ways for improving selection process to enhance employee performance Research Questions: The research questions will be highly crucial for guiding the entire research work with a strict guideline as well as focus. The research questions are mentioned below: What are the factors of recruitment and selection What are the aspects of employee performance What are the relationship between selection process and employee performance What are the ways to improve the selection process so as to enhance employee performance Background and Literature Review: Introduction: In this section of the portfolio, the concerned literatures related with the issue of determining the role of recruitment and selection procedure in enhancing employee performance has been reviewed. A number of literatures have been reviewed in this regard and the concerned concepts and issues have been addressed. Hence, this chapter will provide a brief description of the previous studies conducted in this regard. Presently, recruitment and selection procedure are regarded as one of the most important key operations in the human resource management practice. It is a widely known fact that employees are the backbone of an organization as they determine the productivity and operability of the organization. Therefore, it is quite important for an organization to follow the proper recruitment and selection technique so as to acquire the best possible labor force for the company. This will in turn help the company to sustain in the competitive market successfully. Hence, it is essential for an organization to determine the best possible technique that should be followed for acquiring the most efficient and effective workforce. Concept of Recruitment: According to Sung and Choi (2014), recruitment is defined as the process for searching appropriate candidates for employment and thereby convincing those candidates to apply for jobs in the concerned organization. Therefore, recruitment can be characterized as the process of linking job seekers with the employers. Again, recruitment can also be defined as the process of attracting eligible candidates for employment. The recruitment process begins when application for new recruitments is sought and the process ends when all the applications are submitted. Therefore, the recruitment process gives results in generating a pool of applicants and from that pool the most efficient and perfect employees are selected. In order to conduct the recruitment process effectively the organization should follow a staged approach and fill up the vacant posts. In the first stage of the recruitment process, the organization should determine the vacancies, which are needed to be filled. For determining t he vacancy appropriately, the organizations are needed to conduct a close job survey within the organization and thereby determine the recruitment positions, job roles and responsibilities and the skills and qualities needed by a person to fit into the job. In the second stage of recruitment cycle eligible candidates are attracted. For this purpose, the human resource personnel are required to advertise in the local media, newspapers and televisions mentioning the requirements of the job, responsibilities and other eligibility criterions that are needed to be fulfilled by the candidates in order to apply for the post. The suitable candidates will therefore apply for the position specified and thereby a pool of applicants will be generated. Therefore, the sole purpose of the recruitment process is to generate a pool of perfect applicants and that too in an cost effective manner. Here after generation of the pool of applicants the recruitment process ends. Concept of Selection In the process of recruitment and selection, the last stage of the process is selection itself. This process involves a way by which the recruiters will reduce the number of suitable applicants by the method of short-listing the applications and thereby makes the recruitment decisions. In this, process the human resource personnel of the concerned organization reviews the applications from the pool of applicants and short lists the most suitable applicants. These short listed candidates are then called for an interview and based on the performance on that interview the most appropriate candidates are recruited. However, the interview process may involve a number of stages. According to Patel et al. (2013), companies that are well known for possessing the most efficient workforce are observed to follow a staged interview process. This interview processes may constitute of four to five stages. At first the short listed candidates are called and a telephonic round of interview is conduc ted. Based on the performance in the telephonic round a few selected candidates are then called in for a face-to-face interview and the line managers conduct this interview in most of the time. Again if selected on that interview another round of interview is conducted which is generally be the stressed interview. Finally by performing well in the final round the most suitable candidates are selected. Some times at the first stage an aptitude test is conducted in order to test the intelligence of the candidates. Role of recruitment and selection in an organization: The type workforce possessed by an organization determines the goodwill of the organization. According to Renwick et al. (2013), the more effective a deficient workforce an organization will possess the more productive and profitable the organization will be. Hence, for the wellbeing of the organization it is necessary to adopt proper recruitment and selection procedure. Again as pointed out by Belle (2013), it is quite hard to always find the perfect person walking by during the recruitment process. Therefore, the recruitment process should be so designed that it becomes efficient to attract the most efficient potential employees. Moreover, retention of employees also depends on the techniques of recruitment and selection process applied. If a person is selected as an employee, received training from the part of the organization, and suddenly leave the company, it will involve a huge cost for the company. Therefore, it is also essential to retain the selected employees in an organiz ation. For this purpose, the organization may implement reward facilities as well as the modern employee benefit schemes (Den Hartog et al. 2013). Therefore, in a simplistic statement it can be said that employees are an asset to the company, and to the employees the recruitment and selection procedure develops the initial idea about the organization. Hence these three are interrelated and should be coordinated in an effective and efficient manner. Impact of recruitment and selection on the performance of employees A number of factors determine the performance of an employee, such as, the managerial standards, motivation, and reliability of the organization, job satisfaction and commitment of the employees. All of these factors are dependent on the recruitment t and selection procedure adopted by the organization. The managerial standard is an important determinant of the employee performance. At the first time during the recruitment process the behavior and management of the managers of the organization creates the first impression about the organization on the employees (Parmenter 2015). If the applicants find inefficiency in the managerial capacity, it is quite evident that they will not be willing to discharge their duty up to the full extent. Again, the job description, role an responsibilities mentioned in the advertisement should also be appropriate otherwise the applicants may get disappointed and become disrespectful to the organization. Another vital responsibility of managers is to c heck the details of the employees appropriately, their educational records this will help them to select the appropriate candidates more easily (Kehoe and Wright 2013). The candidates who are absorbed in an organization via proper and effective recruitment and selection process will definitely be respectful to the organization and at the same time, they will definitely put their best in the works. Therefore, for an organization to become successful, it is quite necessary to adopt the right recruitment and selection policy to attract, recruit and retain efficient employees. Research Gap: While conducting the study an extensive review of literature relevant to this topic had been conducted. Based on the knowledge gained by the literature review, the attempts to shed light on the relevant concepts and issues related with the topic. However, while conducting the literature review it has been found that a lot of researches have been done in this context but there is a lack of research that solely concentrates on the role of recruitment and selection procedure in determining the performance of an employee. Therefore, more studies should be conducted in this regard to help the researchers who will conduct their studies in near future. Research Methodologies: Research Methodology is one of the most essential parts of every research work. The methodologies greatly contribute to the research in respect to paving the pathway of the entire study. The chapter mostly focuses on the selecting the appropriate techniques for the research work which will enhance the quality of the research findings along with ease out the research effort (Bolger and Laurenceau 2013). The major techniques of the research methodologies include research philosophies, research approach, research design, sampling size and technique along with data collection techniques.3.1. Research Philosophy: Research philosophy is one of the vital parts of the research work. It formulates the mindset of the entire study as well as individual activities. There are three major research philosophies which are broadly implemented in the academic sector. The research philosophies are Interpretivinsm research philosophy, Pragmatism research philosophy, Realism research philosophy as well a s Post positivism research philosophy. The post positivism research philosophy will be most suitable for this particular research work as this particular research philosophy deeply emphasizes on the scientific approach as well as well defined structure of the entire study. This will help to investigate the impact of recruitment as well as selection on the performance of employees in a scientific as well as well structured fashion. Therefore, the research will be focusing on the selection of post positivism research philosophy. Research Approach: Research approach is also crucial methodology of an entire study as it is greatly focused on directing the research work with a controlled focus towards the effective outcome of the entire study. There are two basic classifications of research approaches which are deductive approach as well as inductive approach. On the one hand, deductive approach mainly deals with the testing of the hypotheses as well as theory of the study by empirical support of the data. On the other hand, inductive approach focuses on generating new theories by analyzing the patterns and styles of the collected data.The current research work is deeply focused on the testing various hypotheses which will identify the impact of recruitment and selection on employee performance. The research work will not need any kind of theory generation approach. Therefore, the respective research work will be selecting deductive approach for conducting the study. Research Design: The research design is another major pillar of the research work which will effectively increase the efficiency of the entire research findings. There are three different research designs which are highly popular in the academic practice. These research designs are exploratory, explanatory and descriptive research design. The descriptive research design will be most effective in the current context as it greatly focuses on describing the aims and objectives of the research work. As the particular research objectives does not need any kind of explanation as well as exploration the descriptive research design will be most appropriate selection (Ioannidis et al. 2014). Considering all of these aspects the research work will select the descriptive research design.3.6. Data Collection Techniques: The data collection technique is highly imperative part of any kind of research work as it is the major factor for ensuring the quality of the research. Data, itself is categorized in two differe nt parts which are primary data as well as secondary data. Primary data refers to the information which is collected fresh sample perception on any specific research topic. On the other hand, secondary data refers to the existing information on the respective research topic which is collected from established literature in the form of books, journal articles, newspapers as well as internet. Both of the research data can be further classified on the basis of the data collection focus. These are quantitative data collection as well as qualitative data collection. Quantitative data collection refers to the data which are collected based on the facts, rates, percentages as well as percentage. On contrary, qualitative data collection refers to the collected information based on the underlying styles and patterns of the information. In this research only primary data will be selected as the project requires fresh perception of the sample. In this context, both of the quantitative and qual itative data will be selected as the research will need extensive clarity of the information.3.4. Sampling Size and Technique: Sample refers to the targeted population which is selected for aiming to reflect the perception of the entire population. In the current context 85 employees will be selected for quantitative data collection. At the same time, 5 managers will be selected for collecting qualitative data collection. The quality of the reflection is deeply relied on the proper selection of the sampling techniques. There are two basic sampling techniques which are used in the research work across the globe (Marshall et al. 2013). These techniques are probability sampling technique as well as non-probability sampling technique. Probability sampling techniques provides random opportunity to all of the respondents to be selected in the research work. On the other hand, the non probability sampling technique mainly selects the respondents with biasness so that the research work can obtain a specialist opinion on the research topic. The quantitative data will need a human influence free perspective from the target population so the sample must be selected in a random manner. Therefore, the research work will select non probability sampling technique. On the contrary, the qualitative data must provide a detailed and expertise view on the research topic, therefore probability sampling technique will be used for collecting the qualitative data. Research Tools: There are various different research tools which are highly useful for conducting the research work. These research tools are survey, interview as well as focus group. In this particular context survey questionnaire will be used for collecting the primary data and face-to-face interview will be used for collecting secondary data (Nelson et al. 2013). Expected Outcome: The research findings will be able to properly evaluate a concrete understanding of the impact of recruitment and selection on the employee performance. The study will be helpful for identifying the factors of the employee recruitment along with various aspects of employee performance.5.0. Contribution of the Research: The research will be highly useful for the HRM professionals for indentifying the factors of the employee performance. Considering the research direction they will be able to modify the recruitment policy so that the employee performance will be enhanced. Moreover, the future researcher will gain a distinct idea on the topic of impact of recruitment on the employee performance.6.0. Conclusion: The above described study will be highly influential for identifying the impact of employee recruitment on employee performance. The study will provide a clear idea of associated theories, models and concepts through the literature review. The methodology will be able to guide th e research through proper pathway. The data analysis will be focused to find out the efficient findings of the entire research. Reference List: Bell, N., 2013. Experimental evidence on the relationship between public service motivation and job performance. Public Administration Review, 73(1), pp.143-153.Bolger, N. and Laurenceau, J.P., 2013. Intensive longitudinal methods: An introduction to diary and experience sampling research (Methodology in the social sciences).Den Hartog, D.N., Boon, C., Verburg, R.M. and Croon, M.A., 2013. HRM, communication, satisfaction, and perceived performance a cross-level test.Journal of Management, 39(6), pp.1637-1665.Ioannidis, J.P., Greenland, S., Hlatky, M.A., Khoury, M.J., Macleod, M.R., Moher, D., Schulz, K.F. and Tibshirani, R., 2014. Increasing value and reducing waste in research design, conduct, and analysis. The Lancet,383(9912), pp.166-175.Kehoe, R.R. and Wright, P.M., 2013. The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors. Journal of management, 39(2), pp.366-391.Marshall, B., Cardon, P., Poddar, A. and Fontenot, R., 2013. Does sample siz e matter in qualitative research?: A review of qualitative interviews in IS research. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 54(1), pp.11-22.Mkansi, M. and Acheampong, E.A., 2012. Research philosophy debates and classifications: students dilemma. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 10(2), pp.132-140.Mondada, L., 2013. The conversation analytic approach to data collection.The handbook of conversation analysis, pp.32-56.Nelson, T.C., Doukakis, P., Lindley, S.T., Schreier, A.D., Hightower, J.E., Hildebrand, L.R., Whitlock, R.E. and Webb, M.A., 2013. Research tools to investigate movements, migrations, and life history of sturgeons (Acipenseridae), with an emphasis on marine-oriented populations. PloS one,8(8), p.e71552.Parmenter, D., 2015. Key performance indicators: developing, implementing, and using winning KPIs. John Wiley Sons.Patel, P.C., Messersmith, J.G. and Lepak, D.P., 2013. Walking the tightrope: An assessment of the relationship between high-performance work systems and organizational ambidexterity. Academy of Management Journal, 56(5), pp.1420-1442.Renwick, D.W., Redman, T. and Maguire, S., 2013. Green human resource management: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(1), pp.1-14.Stoecker, R., 2012. Research methods for community change: A project-based approach. Sage publications.Sun, Y., Yang, J., Wang, H., Zu, C., Tan, L. and Wu, G., 2015. Standardization of leaf sampling technique in jackfruit nutrient status diagnosis. Agricultural Sciences, 6(02), p.232.Sung, S.Y. and Choi, J.N., 2014. Do organizations spend wisely on employees? Effects of training and development investments on learning and innovation in organizations. Journal of organizational behavior, 35(3), pp.393-412.Yin, R.K., 2013. Case study research: Design and methods. Sage publications.

Samsung Galaxy SIII Product Features

Over the last two decades, almost everyone in the world has acquired a mobile phone. One of the leading mobile phone manufacturers in the world is Samsung (Schwartz, 2012). The company came up with their galaxy series a few years back with the Samsung Galaxy SIII being launched a few months ago. The previous version, Samsung Galaxy SII, is still being held by many Samsung enthusiasts.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Samsung Galaxy SIII Product Features specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The phone has one of the best hardware as well as software designs in as far as the smart phone market is concerned. The phone is quite light as it weighs only 116 grams, and this is complemented by the fact that it is quite slim at just 8.5mm. This, compared to its competitors such as the iPhone 4s and the Sony Ericson Experia arc, makes it the slimmest phone ever made. The phone has a 4.3 inch screen, which ensures that the user g ets an impressive video and visibility experience especially when reading. The screen has an excellent touch capability that ensures quick response and defined navigation. The fact that it has a Super-AMOLED screen means that it has a better power saving capability than its previous predecessors even with its huge size (Gralla, 2011). The manufacturers of the phone sought to provide the user with a real life experience by providing a resolution of approximately 480 x 800 pixels. The phone’s battery has a standby time of approximately 710 hours, which is more than some of its competitors such as the iPhone 4s, which maxes out at 300 hours. The phone comes with a dual-core processor, which is complemented by 1 GB of RAM. This makes it quite powerful to a point where there may not be enough phone operations to utilize its speeds fully. The phone comes in two options of 32 GB internal memory and 16 GB. This is complemented by a memory slot that accommodates up to 32 GB of memory (Schwartz, 2012). It also comes with an eight megapixel camera, which makes the user’s experience even more magical. This, coupled with its graphics capability, ensures that the user is able to enjoy high quality photos as well as personal videos. While its inbuilt sound may be wanting, the phone comes with impressive earphones that ensure quality sound especially when listening to music. The phone has a micro-USB slot and a data cable (Gralla, 2011). This makes it easier to transfer data to and from the phone. Even though the phone looks quite delicate, it is quite resistant to damage under the normal confines of phone usage.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The phone runs on an android operating system preferably Gingerbread 2.3.3 with options of upgrades. This supports hundreds of thousands of applications, which go farther to maximize the users experience with the phone (Roebuck, 2011). It also supports multi touch where one can use pinch zoom to view a number of screens at the same time. The phone is gravity sensitive, which applies when changing the viewing format as well as when receiving calls and listening to music. It also comes with voice recognition, which applies when searching through documents and contacts. It supports voice command as well as voice talk, which allows one to engage directly with the phone and increase his or her experience (Roebuck, 2011). The phone may not be identified as one of the cheap alternatives in the market, but its steep price is worth once one gets a feel of it. References Gralla, P. (2011). Galaxy S II: The Missing Manual. New York: O’Reilly Media, Inc. Roebuck, K. (2011). Android: High-Impact Strategies – What You Need to Know: Definitions, Adoptions, Impact, Benefits, Maturity, Vendors. London: Emereo Pty Limited. Schwartz, S. (2012). My Samsung Galaxy S III. New York: Pearson Education . This essay on Samsung Galaxy SIII Product Features was written and submitted by user Matteo U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Commentary on Social Workers having Sexual Affiliation with their Clients Essays

A Commentary on Social Workers having Sexual Affiliation with their Clients Essays A Commentary on Social Workers having Sexual Affiliation with their Clients Essay A Commentary on Social Workers having Sexual Affiliation with their Clients Essay Essay Topic: The Second Sex Faced with different kinds of never ending problems, the world needs people who can help with all their hearts. And there comes the social workers. But how about when they, themselves are faced with situations that are not easy to deal with? Situations that can be said that are reasonably just common issues faced by each and every people but its commonality is erased and painted by a different color when we already consider the fact that they are being looked upon as social workers?Now the question would be is what if the social workers themselves come face to face with the temptation of giving themselves in into having sexual urges with the people they serve to?Well, Social Workers like we know, meets different kinds of people from different places. Everything is very possible to happen during the course of that period when they interact with those people. Of course, social workers also have a heart of a human being, breathe and eat like one so there will not be any wonder when we f ound out one time that some of them are having sexual gains with their clients. Having sex is one of the things that was given to man that provides an ultimate sense of pleasure.The argument will work if we just consider the terms that the relationship between a social worker and her client is just a plain human interaction. But the thing is that it is not all just simple. There are still different things that must be considered in this affair.First, social workers have the reputation of being compassionate not just to their conviction, but also to the people they serve. People look up to them just like how a peasant looks up to his landlord. People give them that kind of respect because at times of grief, they are the ones supplementing on easing problems. What will just happen when that reputation that was kept in tact for a very long time will all just be lost in an instant just by the single urge? Won’t that that be very tragic not just for the social workers but as well as to the people relying their hopes onto them? Where would the people run when they see that social workers are not anymore worth to seek for help?Secondly, social workers made a promise on holding onto the conviction to their job. A social worker works like a soldier that is having a battle in a war; disciplined and very much dedicated. Nothing should be interfering with her actions as a person that serves other people selflessly. She must be much focused everytime they are sent to their own â€Å"wars†. They are trained that they can undergo and surpass the harshest conditions that a social worker can come face to face with just like the temptation of sexual indulgence. They must be strong at any times because everything that they will face along the field is all nothing but battles.And the last reason of why social workers should avoid having sexual interactions with their clients is that it is for their own safety. Who knows what they can get from doing such a thing. Dis eases are now very rampant today; even pleasure given by sex can put anyone’s life in danger. Social workers are those whom other people rely on very much so what will just happen when those people many seek after are already incapable? They must also consider their health condition because this is one tool that helps them continue serving to their conviction.Yes, we admit that we are already living in a modern world comprising a whole new way of lifestyle. And now, morality is already sometimes being set aside regarding some matters. Having sex with anyone is not anymore an issue nowadays, people does it like there is no morality that envelopes the society. But we must remember that whenever we are dedicated onto holding our conviction, we are ready to setting aside everything just to maintain our commitment to our profession.

The term high concept

The term high concept The term high concept The term high concept By Maeve Maddox This is a term much heard in connection with movies, but literary agents also use it: I love high-concept books. A lot of the books I read and represent are high concept and get a lot of film interest. I define high concept as a premise that can be boiled down into one sentence and sets it apart from other stories by its unique hook or angle. Paige Wheeler, literary agent One OED definition is high concept: adj. Of a film, television show, etc.: based on a striking and easily communicable plot or idea; (also) relating to or characteristic of such productions. Sometimes high concept is used in a derogatory sense to refer to a dumbed-down story that will appeal to a mass audience: 2003 Independent 30 Apr. I. 3/1 The so-called ‘high concept’ pitch has long been considered a byword for crass commercialism in the film world, a symptom of studio executives reluctance to focus on anything for more than a minute. OED illustration According to screenwriter Steve Kaire, its the premise that makes a story idea high concept. The premise or logline is the core of High Concept. My comprehensive definition of High Concept is comprised of five requirements, each of which is mandatory. Kaires five requirements are: an original premise mass audience appeal story-specific pitch easy-to-see story potential a pitch no longer than three sentences Alexis Niki at AbsoluteWrite adds the requirement of an empathetic hero who is dealing with a BIG problem. James Bonnet at scriptforsale thinks that a high concept story should have a great title. Certainly the following movie blockbusters have titles that suggest the theme of their stories: Armageddon Titanic Jaws Star Wars Twister Jurassic Park Perhaps the most important ingredient in a high concept work is the same one that every good story requires: a main character with whom the reader or viewer can identify. The chief difference between a high concept story and a regular story is that the main characters success or failure will have huge consequences for others. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Masters Degree or Master's Degree?Acronym vs. InitialismAppropriate vs. Apropos vs. Apt

Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Bibliography - Essay Example The approach is described in non-technical terms for risk communicators to help them serve the public in making informed decisions. The author follows the evolution of the research on risk communication over the years, the mistakes made and the lessons learnt. This essay provides a brief history of risk communication organized around certain developmental stages, with each stage characterized by a focal communication strategy. The essay, however, has not provided comprehensive illustrations or examples. Communication is like an insurance policy in that it is a fixed cost that can keep a larger damage at bay. Receiving relevant information on environment and health risks and on the safety of modern technologies is a very important need of modern man, but he seldom receives it. The authors, making use of case studies, give an overview of the critical role of risk management in dealing with public controversies and an insight into the risk communication practices and malpractices. The book leaves scope for the concerned authorities to devise ways to check the malpractices and inadequacies in risk communication. The failure of institutions in adequately communicating about risks result in inadequate management of risks leading to heavy financial loss. The study examines a very important and subtle aspect of risk communication, which is trust and credibility. ... Peters, R. G., Covello, V. T., McCallum, D. B. (1997). The determinants of trust and credibility in environmental risk communication: An empirical study. Risk Analysis 17(1). Retreived October 20, 2008, from http://www.centerforriskcommunication.org/pubs/crc-p2.pdf The study examines a very important and subtle aspect of risk communication, which is trust and credibility. An important hypothesis tested in this study regarding perceptions and determinants of trust and credibility is that they are dependent on three factors, namely perceptions of knowledge and expertise, perceptions of openness and honesty, and perceptions of concern and care. The responses to surveys are mostly in the predictable lines in that they mostly reflect general perceptions. A significant finding is that defying a negative stereotype leads to improved perceptions of trust and credibility. O'Connor, A.M., Legare, F., & Stacey, D. (2003). Risk communication in practice: the contribution of decision aids. BMJ 327(7417) 736-740. doi: 10.1136/bmj.327.7417.736. The authors examine the effectiveness of the communication of risks, benefits and options by clinicians in helping patients make an informed decision regarding their healthcare. Different decisions require different strategies for communication. Effective services are those in which benefits/harm ratio is large, and those in which the ratios are uncertain are preference sensitive services. The article does not explain how to equip the support service system to handle the diverse plans of diverse patients. The goal of decision-making is to choose options that are most beneficial and the least harmful. Decision support should take into account a patient's personal values, resources and determination. Croyle, R.T. & Lerman, C. (1999).

Research Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Research Project - Assignment Example By value, this constitutes about 76% and 63% by volume. There is a difference between the contribution of men and women to the skin care market. While women contribute 72% share by value, the men contribute 38% (PR Newswire 2013). Nonetheless, this is quite true, as women in the UK account for 50% of the UK population. In addition, it is a fact that in most parts of the world, women are the major users of beauty products. This is also the case in the United Kingdom. However, it is expected that in future, more men will use beauty products, as they focus more on their personal grooming and hygiene (Premium beauty news n.d). Therefore, it important to understand the different factors that influence the decision of consumers in the UK to purchase skin care products. The purpose of this research study is to explore the present environment of skin care industry in the UK. Special focus is on the loyalty of consumers, as well as their purchasing. The study will therefore, also assess the decisions of people in the UK to buy skin care products. In this case therefore, the study will explore various push factors, which influence people in the UK to buy skin care products. The scope of this research is limited to the study on the skin care market in the UK only. This involves the factors influencing the decision of people in the UK to purchase skin care products. Therefore, this study does not study the global market. For this reason, the findings of this study cannot be generalized to other skin care markets outside the UK. This is because the factors influencing the purchase of skin care products by consumers vary from country to country. The UK ranks as the third largest economy in Europe, as it comes after Germany and France (EUbusiness 2014). UK consists of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. It is served by London as the capital city. Overall, the UK has a population of approximately 61.7 million as

Alcohol Advertisement in Australia Essay Example for Free

Alcohol Advertisement in Australia Essay Alcohol advertising in Australia ignores the long-term and short-term health risks associated with excessive alcohol consumption; these are detrimental to the Australian population of all ages, therefore they should be banned. Alcohol advertising is the promotion of alcoholic beverages by alcohol companies through a range of different media. Alcohol advertising is one of the most closely regulated forms of advertising, along with tobacco. The self-regulation system in Australia is not effective at protecting children and youth from exposure to alcohol advertising, a great deal of which contains material appealing to these groups (Fielder, Donovan Ouschan 2009). The Alcoholic Beverages Advertising Code was introduced to guarantee that alcohol advertising will be conducted in a way that encourages responsibility and moderation in liquor merchandising and consumption, and does not promote the consumption of alcoholic beverages by underage persons. The Alcoholic Beverages Advertising Code first introduced in 1998 is the regulatory system for alcohol advertisement in Australia. For advertisement to comply with this code it is assessed to whom the advertisement is directed, and whom the advertisement may possibly be communicated. Australians’ consumption of alcohol is large on a global scale, with consumption estimated at 9. 88 litres per capita in 2007 (National Preventative Health Taskforce 2009). Scientific research has revealed, over decades, that there is a correlation between alcohol advertising and the consumption of alcohol. However, it has not yet been proven that alcohol advertising causes higher consumption (Hanson, 2011). It is the Alcohol Companies aim to demonstrate that the alcohol campaigns effectively increase their potential market share and brand loyalty, and not higher alcohol consumption. Adolescences are exposed to alcohol advertisements through many different forms of media, and can result in the consumption of alcoholic beverages. A study has shown that alcoholic beverages are the most advertised product inside a 250 metre radius of primary schools and children are exposed up to 25 advertisements for alcohol per square kilometre (Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2008). The alcohol industry lack credibility in the argument about banning alcohol advertising, given their dire attempts at enforcing their own self-regulatory code (the Alcohol Beverages Advertising Code). Children’s exposure to alcohol advertisement is on a daily basis. The advertisement of alcohol and alcohol products is not adequately regulated to restrict youths viewing alcohol-related images and messages. Research has shows that underage children are frequently shown alcohol advertising (Fielder, Donovan Ouschan 2009). Mounting evidence has revealed, for youths, the increasing pressure of alcohol marketing creates negative attitudes towards alcohol consumption, and significantly impacts their decision to drink, as well as how they drink (National Preventative Health Taskforce 2009). Underage drinking can cause youth’s brains to be extremely damaged from alcohol. Large alcohol exposure to the developing youth’s brain can be very dangerous. Adolescents are shown to be more susceptible to the learning and memory difficulties that can arise from alcohol consumption. Sections of the brain that are affected by alcohol are directly correlated with memory and emotions, and binge drinking could produce memory problems, problems with verbal skills, incapacity to learn and depression. The existing regulatory system does not effectively regulate these exposures, and does not attempt to decrease or abolish the appeal of the advertising content. The 30 highest viewed alcohol advertisements to the underage population included at least one component identified to appeal to children and underage youth, with 23 found to contain two or more such material. It was also found that 15 of the 30 advertisements contained an animal (Fielder, Donovan Ouschan 2009). The self-regulation system in Australia fails to safe-guard children and youth from exposure to alcohol advertising, with a good majority containing elements appealing to youths. The advertising companies’ target audience of their advertising campaigns have changed, with various brands being targeted towards a particular population. Some drinks are typically seen as a masculine drink, predominantly beers and dark spirits, whilst wines and cocktails are seen as feminine. Brands have said to be specifically produced to appeal to a population that would not generally drink that kind of alcoholic beverage. The alcohol industry has come under criticism and restricted legislation in their alleged targeting of young people, with the creation of alcoholic beverages that are sweet-tasting and bright coloured which appeal to the younger population. However, there is no solid evidence that supports this alleged targeting of youths. There have been wide spread debate on whether alcohol advertisements are targeting the teenage population, although alcohol advertisement makes consumption look extremely exciting and enjoyable with a majority of which involve parties. Exposure to alcohol advertisements is a daily occasion; they are on television, radio, billboards, concerts, magazines and sporting events. If alcohol advertising was to be banned there would be a certain objection from alcohol companies, outlets, sporting bodies and association. Alcohol is a major sponsor within Australian sports and is estimated to be worth $1. 25 billion a year. Large quantities of alcohol consumption are linked to severe public and social health problems involving violence, crime, road accidents and disease. With the taxing of premixed drinks there is intent to address the problem, however this has not made much of a difference, with adolescence moving onto different forms of alcohol. With the alcohol advertisement nearly everywhere and binge drinking within the teenage population still prevalent, the self-regulatory systems set up at present are not adequate. Heavy alcohol consumption has become a part of Australian culture; advertisement is encouraging these trends, and should be banned. Reference List: * Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, NSW Centre for Overweight and Obesity, 2008 * Fielder, L. , Donovan, R. J. Ouschan, R. (2009) ‘Exposure of children and adolescents to alcohol advertising on Australian metropolitan free-to-air television’, Addiction, 104: 1157-1165 * Hanson, David, 2011; Alcohol Advertising http://www2. potsdam. edu/hansondj/Advertising. html * National Preventative Health Taskforce (2009) Australia: The healthiest country by 2020, Technical Report No 3.

Essay --

CHAPTER ONE - ‘If you don’t like something, change it.’ As said by Maya Angelou, ‘If you don’t like something, change it. If you can’t change it, change your attitude.’ And it seemed like he would have to opt for the latter, because there was no chance he was going to get anywhere with the former. For James, change was almost a foreign concept, because everything was fine as it was. Or at least he thought it was. He couldn’t really be sure about anything in his world, because there was still so much he had to learn about it. He was young, just turned seventeen, and still finding his feet. There was no way he could ever lead an army for any cause. It would just be moronic. People who knew him called him a dreamer, and he agreed. He did like to exit reality sometimes, when it all got too much. It was his escape valve. He thought that everyone had to have at least one, but maybe they did not. He did not know. But that was his way of dealing with the world, and it worked for him, no matter what anyone else said. He knew that most did not take whatever he said seriously. It was only natural, he was young. But the fact that they called it a ‘democracy’ had always annoyed him. A democracy. From the Greek ÃŽ ´ÃŽ ·ÃŽ ¼ÃŽ ¿ÃŽ ºÃ ÃŽ ±Ãâ€žÃŽ ¯ÃŽ ±, which means ‘the rise of the people’. He did like to learn what others called things. Everything was always so fascinating because of the fact that he knew barely anything. He was not from Greece. His world was one where he stood at a disadvantage in more ways than one. He was ‘white’, as they called it, people called He had grown up in a secluded area, because his parents were heterosexual. He sometimes found it difficult to remember to always say that one of his ‘mothers’ was on a business trips or ill or so, be... ...rrect?† He had expected Elias to detonate in his face, but that was not so. All he got in response was a finger pointing towards Mother’s side of the house, and he walked over and up the stairs. He stopped before the ladder that would take him up into the attic. He had never climbed the ladder before. Elias had told him never to do it without his permission, and he had never dared to ask. He drew a deep breath in, and released it again. And he started to climb. The climb was longer than he thought it would. Perhaps it was because he was so afraid he would fall off. It was rather frivolous, as even if he were to fall, it would only be a drop of around four meters. He could take that. Pushing open the flap, he ascended into the attic. It was spacious, if a little damp. Had he not had a job to do, he might have spent a little time sitting there. It seemed awe-inspiring

What is meant by the term Communication Management

Communication Management is the systematic planning, implementing, monitoring, and alteration of all the channels of administration within an administration, and between administrations ; it besides includes the administration and airing of new communicating directives connected with an administration, web, or communications engineering. ( Tripathi, 2009 ) However, what is direction? How to pull off? Management is including be aftering, organizing, taking and commanding. Directors should utilize these characteristics to pull off their employees. Furthermore, directors should depend on their employees ‘ features to put up end and offer undertakings to them.Aim of Communication Management ProjectThe purposes of Communication Management undertaking are through the group work to construct up the squad work and develop up leading accomplishment. Furthermore, it helps us bettering the communicating accomplishment with our group mates. This essay would be divided in 3 parts, the 1st portion is my function – Ad and Public Relations Manager, the 2nd portion is our group civilization and managing this group, and the 3rd portion is self – acquisition.My function – Ad and Public Relations ManagerI am an Ad & A ; PR director in the group ; respond to the publicities of the Reader ‘s Digest, such as the publicity encouragement, advertisement design, Press Conference of the Reader ‘s Digest and PR event which could pull the general populace ‘s consciousness.Troubles are confrontingAs Reader ‘s Digest is an enlightening magazine, it includes a batch of utile information in different classs, wellness, travel, planetary job, more and more. When making the publicities that is really hard to me, because of I need to considerate of the image of the magazine, every bit good as there are a few magazines advertised on others magazines or newspaper. This is a rather hard inquiry to me.Top ographic pointWe have divided into 3 sub-groups, Isaac and I respond to the publicity and topographic point of 4P. We need to considerate the placing of our magazine. How to spread out our retail merchant stores and what companies we should co-operate with. These inquiries are rather hard to do the determination. Sometimes, we can non recognize which topographic points should we be placed. I tried to name 7-eleven to acquire the most accuracy monetary value of â€Å" a?S?z ¶e? » † , the interesting thing is when I call the hotline, the respondent of that section asked me which magazine we are, I told her Reader ‘s Digest in English, so she is seemly non understand, and inquire me where we are selling.PromotionWe merely advertise on a few topographic points, we chiefly focus on the MTR, such as MTR – train organic structure, publicity encouragement. Though we have a MTR rate-card, I still really confused on their monetary value, I can non easy to understand wh at they are mentioned in the rate-card. For the Press Conference and the PR event – Top Brand Election in Hong Kong, I pretend as the employee of the Reader ‘s Digest, and name the shopping promenades, which are THE ONE and Isquare, and the hotels. They give me the inside informations of the floor program and the rate card. That is rather practical experience, if I will be a PR in the hereafter ; I besides need to pass on with them.Pull offing group couplesAll of us came from different colleges and holding different background. All of us holding different advantages and disadvantages, being a concealed leader of this group, I try to pull off them by different direction theories I had been learnt before. I have utilizing different direction theories to pull off my group mates, such as Maslow ‘s Needs Hierarchy, Theory X and Theory Y by McGregor, outlook theory. At the beginning, I have assumed they are employees of Theory X ; they need tonss of regulations to curtail them to work, guarantee that they can manus in their work on clip and no alibi of late and absent. When I realize them more, I try to utilize Maslow ‘s Needs Hierarchy to actuate them to work and McGregor ‘s Theory Y to delegate some undertakings to them. As I think that they merely want to complete the Bachelor grade merely, I have spared some clip of the meeting to speak about after this twelvemonth what is our mark and my outlook to them. I would wish to promote them to believe about their hereafter and set more and more attempt on the undertaking.Features of My group couplesHersey and Blanchard ‘s Situational Leadership Model could briefly explicate my group mates ‘ characteristics in the first 6 meeting. High Moderate Low R1R2R3R4Able and WillingAble and UnwillingUnable and WillingUnable and unwillingElizaWinnieIsaacHeidiBonnieFollower Readiness The above tabular array could be easy to explicate their characteristics. Eliza is R1, when I assigned her undertakings ; she could complete the undertakings in short period of clip and high quality work. Winnie is R2, I think she could complete her undertaking in a better manner, nevertheless, she might be excessively busy, and she could complete those undertakings in short clip, the plants were low quality, such as grammar errors and wrong data format. After we had 360 – Degree Feedback, she is bettering her working attitude and her public presentation. Isaac and Heidi are R3. They might non hold adequate accomplishments, such as Heidi did non cognize how to do content page, but she still tries to work on. On the other manus, Isaac has ever made a batch of grammar errors ; he still works difficult on his undertaking. Bonnie is R4, she is unable and unwilling to complete her undertakings. During the meeting, she was non concentrated on what we were discussed, furthermore, she absent the category and meeting. Furthermore, her English is non good at all, when she wrote the PAC, we had found tonss of errors and some â€Å" unusual sentence † . We asked her to rectify by herself, nevertheless, she told us her English grammar was non good, she might non rectify them. Furthermore, she was non willing to make a batch of undertaking work, she was ever ailment that would be increased her work load. After a few hebdomads, I talked with her on phone ; she had explained what happened recently, such as relationship with friends, working job. She promised me she would public presentation good in the â€Å" subsequently † meeting and work. And now, Bonnie is become to R3: unable and willing.CaringMy feature is care others experiencing, I try to recognize them more. I had called or direct short message ( SMS ) to them when I have clip. To recognize them what they are believing and give them support, allow them cognize he/ she is non entirely, I will seek to work out their job or give them some sentiments when they are confronting troubles.ControlingDuring group meeting and the group work, we have misconstruing between our group mates. We have a short meeting which is about 360 – Degree Feedback, in that meeting ; we talked about the feeling of co-operated with our group mates. Since that meeting, I can recognize them more. I think that is effectual to co-operate with the m.EncouragementBesides, the award in our understanding, I besides praise them when they are willing to discourse during the meeting which make them to maintain on. In order to direct electronic mails to commend them. Furthermore, I have assigned them the work which is a spot higher than they could make. They might acquire the enthusiastic in the undertaking every bit good as feel of import in our group.Group CultureFriendlyOur group civilization is friendly. We are ever holding merriment during the meeting. Particularly, Isaac and Heidi ever make some merriment during the meeting, such as they are stating the gags, making some interesting thoughts. Such as Heidi said our penalty of late entry should dress as a coney lady. Furthermore, as Heidi is populating in Siu Sai Wan, we call her rich miss. Eliza and I ever give Heidi new name. And Isaac pretend some Hong Kong Pop Star, such as Bosco Wong, Andy Lau, we offer him a platform to him demoing off himself. Bonnie and Winnie are quiet. But sometimes they give us amusing thoughts which make all of us laugh.Undertaking Oriented and assignedWe are besides task oriented. We came from different background. 6 of us studied at different colleges. When we are co-operate first assignment, I found that our working manner are really different. When manages different background group mates, I have different outlook to them. Therefore, I set different grade mark to them. For illustration, I set the easiest end to Bonnie, as Bonnie studied Fashion Design two old ages ago, she could non manage tonss and tonss of paper work. Therefore, I have set the easiest end to her ; she might experience she is of import in order to carry through esteem demands of Maslow ‘s Hierarchy of demands. However, I realize that Eliza could manage the hard undertakings ; she is typical theory Y employer. Besides, puting different end to different people, we are required them to manus in their work on clip, such as minute and docket. All penalty of late entry would be followed by PAC.Meeting ambianceThe first 5meetings, dead air were ever happened. Everyone seems waiting for person to do determinations, excludes Eliza and I. Both of us were ever given out the thoughts and promote them to show their thoughts. However, they still maintain silence. In the 6th meeting, Eliza and I had told them what our outlooks to them. Get downing from that meeting, Isaac, Heidi and Winnie are willing to show their thoughts to us. We are ever doing gags during our meeting. Our ambiance of meeting is going closer and going best friends.Self – acquisitionThis undertaking is a existent life rehearsing. Not merely taking of the minute and composing the docket, but besides the existent practise of covering with crisis and pull offing staff. Reader ‘s Digest gross revenues lessening which about our Hong Kong civilization is altering. To maintain the company alive and growing, selling director should see about the SWOT and how to work out them out.Covering with crisisThis undertaking is rather hard, there is no guideline and every group has different subject. It is similar with the existent life state of affairs, no 1 Tell you what is right and incorrect, we need to make a batch of readyings to work out the job, which are marketing resea rch, focal point group and analysis information we found in the research, and think about those methods are possible or non. Furthermore, we need to considerate the thing which around us. Since this undertaking, I have found that I still have a batch of ae ¶? . Those include I may non cognize the existent state of affairs that I could non do the determination instantly.Pull offing mannerThis undertaking gives me an chance to pull off people. Everyone has their ain function ; they need to react to our group, it is similar to work in a company, people should react to their ain section and their undertaking. Actually, I do non truly believe I am a good leader. As I mentioned on above I could non do determination instantly which I truly do non cognize the existent state of affairs. I still seek my best to work on my function. The word – â€Å" decentalisation † is a suited word to depict my managing manner. My function of this group is stating them what is our way and discourse what should we make. I ever give them opportunities to show their thought. Because of this undertaking is owned by us and I hope that they can bask this class.Communication SkillThat is really of import during in this undertaking. We had some misunderstood caused by communicating method. There were some barriers noises to upset our communicating, such as bad attitude and worse communicating accomplishment, it is non merely affected our communicating, but besides affected the consequence and cut down our effectivity and efficiency. In 360 – Degree Feedback, Winnie had ailment that we ever ban thoughts excessively fast, which make them non weather plenty to show their thoughts. Her suggestions make me to concern about others ‘ feeling and seek to allow others show their thoughts foremost, it could do them to be easier accept. Therefore, I have learnt to maintain a good attitude and seek to speak to that individual. It might effectual to cut down the job happened. No affair which occupation I will be, holding a good attitude and good communicating accomplishment it could assist us to hold a good public presentation in work.Time ManagementSince start this programme, I have learnt how to pull off my clip in the best manner. Demuring this class, we have other class prep. We need to manus it on clip. However, we have limited clip to complete them that is non easy for us to make so. Therefore, we control our meeting clip in fit clip. It is similar with the existent universe. We have an of import undertaking we need to manage ; nevertheless, we have dozenss of work demand to complete. If we do non a good clip direction accomplishment which it hard to complete all the work at the same clip.DecisionDuring this undertaking, I have learnt a batch such as rehearsing the Management Theory in our group. Those theoretic al accounts are really utile when I need to delegate work to them and give them non- profitable award. Because of those theoretical accounts make me more and more peoples ‘ demands. Actually, I had been told outlook to all our group mates. I hope that they could be growing, during or after they finish this undertaking. I am so glad that seeing Bonnie has a large alteration in this undertaking. Her ?S†¢a†¦?a? ¦ has increased more and more. She will bespeak undertaking to complete during the meeting.

Outline the main values issues presented to a social worker by one of the case example given

Outline the main values issues presented to a social worker by one of the case example given, with reference to the CCETSW statement of Social Work values. Discuss how you would attempt to resolve the issues in line with the CCETSW value position. Case Study: Ethel, Alan, Marion In this essay I will be outlining the importance of social work values, by looking at the social work values. I will be focusing on the value issues within the case study which are relavent to the CCETSW's statement of values, to understand and integerate the values of social work. In the assignment I will try to resolve the arising value issues in the accordance of CCETSW's statement values as a social worker. In this assignment by using the term' social work' it will be refering myself. In   The meanings â€Å"value† are divers and varied. ‘Values' are a combination of our beliefs, views on which we act upon. Initially, all individuals have some personal values. A social worker has social work values, which are linked with his/her duties and responsibilities. Therefore, the agency also imposes some values on social workers. In some terms social worker's personal values can conflict or compete with others' values. As â€Å"Values are concerned what's good and desireable†(Loenberg and Dolgoff 1992, quoted in Meyer and Mattain, 1995:p.51). The social work is a well know agency and institute, which provides help, support and advice to those people who are deprived, vulnerable and needy such as poor, elderly, women, children etc. The social work services are reliable, confidential, and equally availiable to all individuals and groups. However, the social work is highly criticised to use their power wrongly, for example removeing children and adults from home. On other hand, the occurance of neglegence and abuse in the residential care. We should not forget that it is individual's act and it is not a fault of all members of institution. Thus to pervent abuse and misuseing of power, a social worker should practice on the basis of CCETSW's values, rules and regulations and use them as a guidence. Ethel is 93 years old, which is a fragile age. She may be discriminated and oppressed because of her age as statistics show Family and society: As often seen in our society, people's views about old people are negative. For example they labelled them as ‘burden' ‘ clumsy' ‘rages' ‘slow and lazy' ‘useless' ‘fussy' ‘childish'and even ‘mad'. Ethel's son, Alan, passed comments † but that's old woman for you, isn't it†? On the other hand, Alan's wife Marion is reluctant to answer the questions and burst into tears. Alan pays little attention which makes you think Marion is depressed for some reason. Which require assessment and communication to evaluate the situation. â€Å"It is also important to â€Å"identify, analyse and take action to counter discrimination, racism and disadvantages, inequality and injustice, using strategies appropriate to role and context; and practice in a manner that does not stigmatised or disadvantage either individuals, groups or communities. (CCETSW 1995;P18) Physical and emotional concerns: Ethel is fit and healthy for her age but she is may be at risk, (perhaps she is not). But she had bruises and burnt the kettle. In my opinion it is important to assess the situation, circumstances, knowledge of available and existing resources and assistance which is ‘concerned with the enhancement of human well being†, (BASW 1986) â€Å"Social workers have a responsibility to relieve and prevent hardship and suffering.† (CCETSW 1996) and â€Å"communication to promote opportunities for children, adults, families at risk or in need to function, participate and develop†. (CCETSW 1996; p: 16) Choices and options: It is necessary to know about Ethel's concerns. Social work gives clients ‘respect', ‘options', and choices. The options for client (from available resources) to choose from such as residential homes, care worker, health visitors, community nurse, age concern and others. As ‘choices available to users are often limited.' (Nocon, A. et al 1996p: 51) Although ‘case worker have a correspondent duty to respect that right, recognise that need' (Biestek, P.et al 1950, principle 6) ‘respect their clients as individuals and will seek to ensure that their dignity, individuality, rights and responsibilities shall be safeguarded.'(BASW 1986; 10:ii) â€Å"Regardless of whether they are provided in the home or out side the home,†(Lowy, L.1979; p: 429) ‘However only 5% living in any institution: most elderly people prefer to live with or near their families. Because of lack of community resources Many people are forced out of their homes, but not because the family wishes to be get rid of the older members. (Lowy, L. 1979;p: 65) Partnership: It is essential to communicate with the client, family, friends, or other person or authorities (if involve) to work in partnership. In this case Ethal's son, daughter-in-law or other family, care manager and friends at the day centre and GP (to find out if she have had any sort of injuries or bruises before). Emotional and Health issues: It is stated that Ethel is being confused on occasions, and her short- term memory is poor but she can recall her memories from the past, which is clearly a rough and difficult existence. It also has been acknowledged that she was a victim of domestic violence. She used to get beaten by her drunken husband. A programme, broadcasted by Channel 2, showed that 87% of domestic violence victims are women. According to Unison 1 October 1997, new domestic violence legislation in England and Wales came into force under the Family Law Act. While there remain loopholes in the Act. It does not make the civil law simpler and clearer, allow greater protection to more individuals and strengthen the use of powers of arrest. Despite this, a victim can live in trauma of fear and it also psychologically effects the personal abilities and qualities. It can affect victims for a long- term and blunt their abilities to operate their lives with confidence. And they can see it as a norm of their life, may be Ethel have accepted it as norm that's why she is not unhappy. In our society, people are hesitate to talk about it, or discus about it in the public or with friends which leave them isolated, alone, scared and helpless. It also develops a sort of sense of guilt. The longer you live in that situation the worst outcomes could be. Ethel described, as she was a victim of domestic violence, is she still a victim? Counselling could be a good solution for her if she requires it. But if she is still a victim of domestic violence (Statistics show that if a woman is being beaten by her husband then it could be possible that it can carry on by her son as he see himself ‘Dominate or head') then there is a need of ‘family therapy'. Non-judgemental: We can't make judgements about others but for assessment we should consider each and every possibility and chances of risk and inequality. We are concern that personal help (individually and collectively) is offered within an acceptable personal and cultural context to increase the range of choices open to them and power to make decision, including the participation of client in ensuring and defining that the services are appropriate for them. (BASW 1986; 10) Access to resource: (care, finance, support, and Accessibility) Ethel' home looks tidy but are there adequate support, resources and care available? Ethel's family is living in a rented property and the house is in need of repair. Possibly, the land- lord can arrange to repair the property under the Tenancy Rights. May be Local Authorities can help to provide easy access to and out of home. One more issue, which clicks me, is why Alan took the electricity off! Was it due to financial problems or are they neglecting Ethel. If Ethel needs to get up at night for her needs or she is not having enough sleep then her GP can advice her. Mostly it has seen that the sleeping of the elderly people do change and also getting confused or short-term memory are related to old age. Lowy argues that chronological ageing alone does not account for such changes but, instead, that they are connected with a number of other life's circumstances. (1979; p: 65) â€Å"Persuading and cajoling of clients can range from the ‘informal' admission to a psychiatric hospitals to the gentle pressure on an elderly to enter residential care† ( Thomas, & et al.) On the opposite, Tony Novak and Chris Jones (BASW 1993;p: 196) argue that â€Å"social workers have found themselves with even few resources to meet the needs of more desperate clients. At the same time social worker has faced increasing criticism and ridicule, not only from the media but also from the state itself, which has challenged its legitimacy and sense of identity†.